1. Ever since people had begun to catalog the strata in particular outcrops, there had been the hope that these could somehow be used to calculate geological time. "从人们开始对地表的特殊岩层进行编目和分类时起，大家就开始期望能够以某种方式利用这些岩层来计算地质年代。
2. Geologist Gerard Bond noticed that some of the sediment grains were stained with iron oxide, evidence that they originated in locales where glaciers had overrun outcrops of red sandstone. 地质学家杰拉德·邦德注意到，一些沉积物颗粒被氧化铁染色，这表明它们起源于冰川覆盖红砂岩露头的地方。
3. Rock outcrops form almost continuous low cliff. 岩石露头形成几乎连绵不绝的低矮峭壁。
4. The Stone Forest, a series of karst outcrops east of Kunming. 石林，位于昆明东部，是喀斯特地貌所形成的景观。
5. Occasional volcanic eruptions had layered minerals throughout the outcrops. 间歇的火山爆发使出露岩层的矿物分层。
