1. As the ruminants then set to work, they eat down to the lower, leafier parts of the vegetation. 随后，当这些反刍动物开始行动时，它们吃到的是植物较低部位的叶子。
2. We consider the problem of trace contamination being introduced accidentally during the production of ruminants feedstuffs containing constituents of animal origin. 我们认为，问题的痕量污染正在推行生产过程中不小心的反刍动物饲料含有动物成分的原产地。
3. Livestock farming drives emissions of the greenhouse gas methane, from the stomachs of ruminants and especially cattle, and of carbon dioxide by increasing deforestation. 畜牧业造成温室气体甲烷的排放，甲烷来自反刍动物的胃，特别是牛，畜牧业还通过增加森林砍伐造成更多二氧化碳的排放。
4. CH_4 emissions from ruminants result in not only a loss of metabolic energy, it is also a greenhouse gas and as such significantly contributes to atmospheric warming. 反刍家畜瘤胃甲烷气体的排放是一种能量损失，同时对大气环境具有较强的增温效应。
5. Transboundary animal diseases such as Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD), screwworm and peste des petits ruminants (PPR) are especially threatening in Iraq and in the region. 诸如口蹄疫（FMD）、螺旋蝇蛆和小反刍动物有害生物（PPR）等跨界动物疾病尤其给伊拉克和该区域带来威胁。
