1. Many surnames were based on father son relations. 许多姓氏是基于父子关系。
2. Surnames like Hill described the place where a person lived. 像希尔这样的姓氏描述了一个人居住的地方。
3. British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. 英国人的姓氏主要分为四大类：父姓、职业姓、描述性的和本地姓。
4. In fact, over fifty per cent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories. 事实上，超过50%的真正的英国姓氏来源于不同种类的地名，所以地名是姓氏来源四个主要类别中的最后一类。
5. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet. 对于那些还没有意识到这种不利条件的人来说，这指的是对那些姓氏以字母表下半部分的字母开头的人的歧视。
