1. In the process, he triggered upheavals in computing, music, telecoms and the news business that were painful for incumbent firms but welcomed by millions of consumers. 在这个过程中，他引发了计算、音乐、电信和新闻行业的剧变，这些变动对现有公司来说是痛苦的，但却受到了数百万消费者的欢迎。
2. Religions spawned pilgrims or settlers; wars drove refugees before them and made new land available for the conquerors; political upheavals displaced thousands or millions. 宗教催生了朝圣者或移民；战争把难民赶在他们面前，给征服者提供了新土地；政治动荡使成千上万人流离失所。
3. Their fear of reversals and upheavals is fully understandable. 他们这种怕反复、怕折腾的心情是完全可以理解的。
4. Domestic upheavals once again prevented united and convincing action. 各国国内的反对声再次阻止了协同一致、行之有效的行动。
5. One lesson was clear: Economic and cultural upheavals have consequences. 一个显而易见的教训是：经济和文化动荡是有后果的。
